Skin Infections
Skin infections from wounds or grazes may require antibiotic treatment. Signs of an infection include excessive pus, redness, and swelling around the wound. If you experience a fever or elevated temperature, seek medical advice before starting any antibiotics.
Worm Infestations
Symptoms of worm infestations may not appear until after returning home. Mebendazole (Vermox) is a useful medication for treating many types of worm infections, though it may not be effective against all strains.
Fungal Infections
Tropical climates can trigger fungal infections, commonly affecting areas such as between the toes (athlete’s foot) or the groin (dhobi itch). These infections are irritating but treatable with Clotrimazole (Canestan) or Miconazole (Daktarin) creams and powders. Continue treatment for a week after symptoms disappear. Regular washing can help prevent recurrence. Women prone to candidial vaginal infections (thrush) should carry appropriate treatments.
Bites and Stings
Animal Bites: Animal bites, especially from rabid animals, are a serious concern. If bitten, immediately clean the wound with soap and water, remove any debris, and irrigate. Even if you have had a rabies vaccine before travel, additional post-bite vaccinations are necessary.
Snake Bites: Although rarely fatal, snake bites require prompt medical attention. Immobilise the affected limb with a splint and use Paracetamol (not aspirin) for pain relief. If the venom is known to be neurotoxic, apply a tight tourniquet using a crepe bandage, starting at the extremity and moving towards the body.
Insect Bites: For irritating insect bites, Eurax can relieve itching, but Hydrocortisone is more effective for reducing itching and swelling. Avoid using Hydrocortisone on infected bites. Clean all bites with an antiseptic and consider antihistamine tablets like Chlorphenamine (Piriton) for relief, though Loratidine and Cetirizine are less likely to cause drowsiness.
Wound Care
Cleaning Wounds:
•Ensure your hands are clean before starting.
•Wash wounds with antiseptic solution or clean water.
•Clean wounds from the centre outward.
•Remove large debris with sterilised tweezers or irrigate with a syringe.
•For superficial cuts, use a single antiseptic wipe.
•Dry wounds thoroughly before applying antiseptic and a dressing.
Applying Dressings:
•Replace dirty or wet dressings promptly to avoid infection.
•Regularly change soiled dressings.
•Be cautious with tape and plasters in hot climates, as they can cause skin reactions.
•Avoid wrapping tape completely around limbs or fingers to prevent restricted circulation.
Closure of Deep Wounds:
Do not close wounds if:
•They are older than 12 hours.
•They cannot be thoroughly cleaned.
•They show signs of infection.
•They are from animal or human bites.
Signs of Infection:
•Redness, warmth, or swelling
•Presence of pus
•Fever
•Foul odor
Seek medical help if these symptoms occur, as antibiotics may be necessary.
Additional Tips
Desert Travel: In hot, dry environments, increase your salt intake through food or salty drinks like Dioralyte instead of salt tablets.
Sunburn: Treat mild sunburn with aftersun containing aloe vera and take Paracetamol for pain relief. Severe sunburn may require hospitalisation. Always use high-factor sunscreen (SPF 15+).
Travel Sickness: Experiment with different travel sickness remedies to find what works best for you. Take them about an hour before travel.
Contamination: Use your own utensils and cups to avoid potential contamination from shared washing water.
General Skin and Health Care:
•Keep your skin moisturised.
•Trim your fingernails regularly.
•Wash your hands frequently.
•Treat all wounds, regardless of size.
•Carry cold sore treatments if you are prone to outbreaks.
•Bring a dental kit if your dental health is unreliable.
For personalised advice and treatment options, consult with healthcare professionals before and during your travels.